MicroTESE is a specialized surgical procedure used to retrieve sperm from the testicles of men who have a low sperm count or no sperm in their ejaculate. It involves extracting tissue samples, examining them for viable sperm, and using them in assisted reproductive techniques like IVF or ICSI. MicroTESE is a precise and advanced technique compared to the traditional testicular sperm extraction (TESE).

MicroTESE is performed when a man has been diagnosed with non-obstructive azoospermia, a condition where the testicles do not produce enough sperm or produce no sperm at all. This procedure aims to locate and retrieve viable sperm for use in assisted reproductive techniques such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Suitable candidates for microTESE include men with non-obstructive azoospermia, whether due to genetic factors, hormonal imbalances, or testicular dysfunction. However, the eligibility for the procedure depends on individual circumstances, and a thorough evaluation by a fertility specialist is necessary.

MicroTESE is conducted under general anesthesia. Using an operating microscope, the surgeon makes a small incision in the scrotum and exposes the testicle(s). The testicular tissue is carefully examined to identify areas that may contain sperm. These areas are then dissected, and small tissue samples are obtained. The samples are examined immediately under a microscope to locate viable sperm.

The time required to perform a microTESE procedure can vary depending on factors such as the complexity of the case and the surgeon’s experience. On average, the surgery itself typically lasts between 1 to 3 hours.

After the microTESE procedure, the retrieved sperm samples are handed over to the embryologists who assess their quality and viability. If viable sperm are found, they can be frozen for future use in assisted reproductive techniques. The fertility specialist will discuss the available options and guide you on the next steps, which may include IVF or ICSI.

After undergoing microTESE, individuals can expect to experience some pain, swelling, and discomfort in the scrotal area. It is important for patients to rest and avoid strenuous activities for a few days. Pain medication may be prescribed by the doctor if necessary. Patients should also ensure to keep the surgical incision clean and dry, following the specific instructions provided. Minor side effects such as bruising or mild discomfort are common and tend to improve within a few weeks.

The cost of microTESE can vary depending on factors such as the specific clinic, geographical location, and individual requirements. In Canada, microTESE cost can vary within a range of approximately $5,000 to $10,000.

As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks involved in microTESE. These may include:

• Infection

• Bleeding

• Damage to surrounding structures

• Adverse reactions to anesthesia